MPDB工况下驾驶员姿态对损伤风险的研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.05.013

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the kinematic response and injury risk of different driver postures under MPDB conditions， a 50% overlap mobile progressive deformable barrier （MPDB） crash simulation model is built for the Accord and four driving postures are simulated by using THUMS （Ver 6.1） human finite element model： Head Normal （HN）， Head Rearward （HR）， Head Forward （HF）， Body Forward （BF）. Head Rearward， HR）， Head Forward， HF）， Body Forward， BF）. The parameters of linear acceleration of the driver's head， intracranial pressure， maximum principal strain， as well as the maximum compression of the chest， plastic strain of the ribs， and distribution of cardiopulmonary pressure are comparatively analyzed for the four driving postures at a collision speed of 50 km/h. The results show that the risk of head injury is higher in the HF and BF postures， with an intracranial pressure of 474 and 744 kPa， respectively， exceeding the threshold for severe craniocerebral injury by 235 kPa. The cardiopulmonary pressures in the four driving postures exceed the threshold for severe injury by 170 kPa， with a higher probability of severe injury to the heart and lungs. The results of this study clarify the injury risk of different driver postures under MPDB conditions， providing an important reference basis for automobile safety technology research.

Key words: driver, MPDB test, driving postures, head injury, chest injury

Yong Han,Mingwang Li,Yuecong Zhang,Guochao Xu,Di Pan. Study of Driver Posture on Injury Risk Under MPDB Conditions[J].Automotive Engineering, 2024, 46(5): 874-881.

Figures/Tables 13

References 27

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参数	变量
车型	雅阁
雅阁车速	50 km/h
MPDB车速	50 km/h
驾驶员姿态	HR	HN	HF	BF
碰撞类型	正面50%重叠移动渐进变形壁障碰撞

姿态	HIC₁₅	BrIC	头部3 ms合成加速度/g
HR	316	0.6	56
HN	310	0.5	59
HF	274	0.54	95
BF	318	0.93	102

姿态	Von Mises应力	颅内压力	剪切应力	最大主应变
HR
HR	80 ms，9.8 kPa	64 ms，104 kPa	80 ms，5.6 kPa	86 ms，0.73
HN
HN	66 ms，9.5 kPa	94 ms，165 kPa	66 ms，5.4 kPa	90 ms，0.72
HF
HF	86 ms，8.8 kPa	86 ms，474 kPa	86 ms，6.5 kPa	86 ms，0.71
BF
BF	81 ms，16.5 kPa	81 ms，744 kPa	81 ms，8.2 kPa	81 ms，0.63

姿态	心脏压力	肺部压力	肋骨塑性应变
HR
HR	82 ms，906 kPa	84 ms，620 kPa	108 ms，11%
HN
HN	92 ms，903 kPa	100 ms，578 kPa	92 ms，13%
HF
HF	86 ms，774 kPa	74 ms，493 kPa	86 ms，14%
BF
BF	86 ms，634 kPa	84 ms，481 kPa	116 ms，11%

响应类型	损伤评价指标	姿态HR	姿态HN	姿态HF	姿态BF	阈值
运动学响应	HIC₁₅	316	310	274	288	高性能限值500
	HIC₁₅	316	310	274	288	低性能限值700^［12］
	头部3 ms合成加速度/g	56	59	95	102	高性能限值72g
	头部3 ms合成加速度/g	56	59	95	102	低性能限值80g^［12］
	胸部3 ms合成加速度/g	42	46	36	35	60g^［26］
	BrIC	0.6	0.5	0.54	0.93	1，45%概率AIS 4级脑损伤^［20］
	胸部最大压缩量/mm	28	17	21	33	高性能限值35 mm
	胸部最大压缩量/mm	28	17	21	33	低性能限值60 mm^［12］
损伤指标	Von Mises应力/kPa	9.8	9.5	8.8	16.5	6~11 kPa，脑挫伤
						大于15 kPa，轻微脑震荡
						大于38 kPa，重度脑损伤^［18］
	颅内压力/kPa	104	165	474	744	大于173 kPa，轻度脑损伤
	颅内压力/kPa	104	165	474	744	大于235 kPa，重度脑损伤^［22］
	剪切应力/kPa	5.6	5.4	6.5	8.2	6 kPa，25%概率轻度脑损伤
						7.8 kPa，50%概率轻度脑损伤
						10 kPa，80%概率轻度脑损伤
						25 kPa，100%概率中度脑损伤^［21］
	最大主应变	0.73	0.72	0.71	0.75	0.45，50%概率轻微脑震荡^［20］
	肺部压力/kPa	620	578	493	481	大于16 kPa，严重损伤概率较大^［25］
	心脏压力/kPa	906	903	774	634	大于170 kPa，严重损伤概率较大^［25］
	肋骨塑性应变/%	11	13	14	11	大于1.4%，肋骨骨折风险较大^［24］

Study of Driver Posture on Injury Risk Under MPDB Conditions

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