面向碳中和的新能源汽车与车网互动技术展望

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2022.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对新型电力系统由于可再生能源的高比例渗透，而面临灵活性调节资源不足的问题，本文提出了以新能源汽车为核心的储能、氢能和智能耦合的交通能源电力一体化技术方案，并给出了相应的技术可行性、发展路线图和政策建议。测算结果显示，车载动力电池与电网互动是安全性高、成本低、规模大的分布式短周期储能方式，到2040年约3亿辆电动汽车装载200亿kW·h电池，其中灵活调节容量超过100亿kW·h，能满足短周期峰谷调节的需求。而由氢能交通带动的氢能多元利用，是长周期、集中式能量转换的理想方式，二者结合能满足我国2040年日内和季节性电力调峰需求，为双碳目标的达成提供有力支撑。

关键词: 碳中和, 新能源汽车, 车网互动, 分布式储能, 长周期氢储能

Abstract:

In view of the problem of insufficient flexibly regulating resources the new-type of electricity system faced due to high proportional penetration of renewable energy， a transportation-energy-electricity integrated technology scheme with the new energy vehicle as its core is proposed， coupling energy storage， hydrogen energy and intelligence， with the corresponding technical feasibility， development map and policy suggestion given. The results of predictive calculation show that the interaction between onboard traction battery and electric grid is a distributed short-period energy storage way with high safety， low cost and large scale. In the year of 2040， there will be some 300 million electric vehicles carrying 20 TW·h batteries， in which the flexible adjustable capacity exceeds 10 TW·h， being able to meet the requirements of short-period peak-valley adjustment. The hydrogen energy multi-utilization promoted by hydrogen energy traffic is a long-term concentrated ideal way of energy transformation， the combination of both can meet the daily and seasonal peak adjustment requirements of electricity in 2040 in China， providing forceful supports for achieving double carbon targets.

Key words: carbon neutrality, new-energy vehicles, vehicle-grid interaction, distributed energy storage, long-term hydrogen energy storage

魏一凡,韩雪冰,卢兰光,王贺武,李建秋,欧阳明高. 面向碳中和的新能源汽车与车网互动技术展望[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(4): 449-464.

Yifan Wei,Xuebing Han,Languang Lu,Hewu Wang,Jianqiu Li,Minggao Ouyang. Technology Prospects of Carbon Neutrality-oriented New-energy Vehicles and Vehicle-grid Interaction[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2022, 44(4): 449-464.

图/表 1

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