汽车工程 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (11): 2091-2099.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.11.015

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基于NSGA-II的纯电动汽车悬置系统隔振率优化

查云飞(),郑利渊,邱胤原,陈越   

  1. 福建理工大学,福建省汽车电子与电驱动技术重点实验室,福州 350118
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-02 修回日期:2024-07-01 出版日期:2024-11-25 发布日期:2024-11-22
  • 通讯作者: 查云飞 E-mail:fei244@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    福建省高校产学合作项目(2023H6019);福州市科技重大项目(2022-ZD-008);中央引导地方科技发展专项(2022L3021)

Optimization of Vibration Isolation Rate of Pure Electric Vehicle Mounting System Based on NSGA-II

Yunfei Zha(),Liyuan Zheng,Yinyuan Qiu,Yue Chen   

  1. Fujian University of Technology,Fujian Key Laboratory of Automotive Electronics and Electric Driving Technology,Fuzhou 350118
  • Received:2024-06-02 Revised:2024-07-01 Online:2024-11-25 Published:2024-11-22
  • Contact: Yunfei Zha E-mail:fei244@163.com

摘要:

纯电动汽车的振动特性与传统内燃机汽车存在较大差异,本文针对纯电动汽车悬置隔振率不足的问题,提出了一种适用于悬置系统隔振率优化的研究方法。分析悬置系统各方向隔振率以及影响悬置隔振率的主要因素,确定了后悬置隔振率作为优化对象,提出通过优化悬置被动侧支架安装点动刚度来提升隔振率。采用第二代非劣排序遗传多目标寻优算法,以隔振率最优、质量比变化最小为寻优目标,对支架安装点动刚度目标值进行寻优,根据寻优结果对被动侧支架结构进行调整。试验结果表明,优化后的后悬置Y向隔振率从5.61提升至18.13 dB,驾驶员右耳旁噪声在24、48阶次下降9.76和5.03 dB(A),驾驶舒适性有明显改善。

关键词: 纯电动汽车, 悬置系统, 隔振率, 多目标寻优

Abstract:

The vibration characteristics of pure electric vehicles differ significantly from traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. In this paper, a research method suitable for optimizing the vibration isolation rate of mounting systems is proposed to address the insufficient vibration isolation rate of pure electric vehicle suspension. The vibration isolation rate in all directions of the engine mounting system and main factors affecting the vibration isolation rate of the engine suspension are analyzed. The vibration isolation rate of the rear suspension is defined as the optimization object, and the method of optimizing the jog stiffness of the passive side bracket installation of the suspension is proposed to improve the vibration isolation rate. Taking the optimal isolation rate and minimum mass ratio change as the optimization objectives, and using the NSGA-II multi-objective optimization algorithm, the target value of the jog stiffness of the passive side bracket installation is optimized, and the passive side bracket structure is adjusted according to the optimization results. The test results show that the optimized rear suspension Y-direction vibration isolation rate increase from 5.61 to 18.13 dB, and the driver's right side-ear noise decreases by 9.76 and 5.03 dB(A) in the 24th and 48th orders, indicating a significant improvement in driving comfort.

Key words: pure electric vehicle, powertrain mounting system, vibration isolation rate, multi-objective optimization