汽车工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (2): 333-340.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.02.018

所属专题: 底盘&动力学&整车性能专题2023年

• • 上一篇    

新能源汽车综合经济性对比分析及预测研究

朱成1,2(),刘頔1,2,滕欣余1,2,张国华1,2,于丹1,2,刘沙1,2,胡苧丹1   

  1. 1.北京卡达克科技中心有限公司,北京  100070
    2.中汽数据有限公司,北京  100070
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-08 修回日期:2022-09-13 出版日期:2023-02-25 发布日期:2023-02-21
  • 通讯作者: 朱成 E-mail:zhucheng@catarc.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中挪新能源汽车安全高效应用关键技术研究与示范项目(2019YFE0104700)

Comparative Analysis and Forecast Research on Comprehensive Economy of New Energy Vehicles

Cheng Zhu1,2(),Di Liu1,2,Xinyu Teng1,2,Guohua Zhang1,2,Dan Yu1,2,Sha Liu1,2,Ningdan Hu1   

  1. 1.Beijing CATARC Science and Technology Center Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing  100070
    2.Automotive Data of China Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing  100070
  • Received:2022-08-08 Revised:2022-09-13 Online:2023-02-25 Published:2023-02-21
  • Contact: Cheng Zhu E-mail:zhucheng@catarc.ac.cn

摘要:

传统车辆经济性对比分析方法受车辆配置、大小、质量等因素影响,容易得出普通车辆经济性远高于豪华车辆的结论。为了对新能源汽车和传统燃油汽车的综合经济性进行深入客观的对比分析研究,本文中建立了一套搭载不同动力系统车辆的综合经济性预测模型,并基于该模型进行了新能源汽车(纯电动和燃料电池商用车)与传统燃油汽车的综合经济性对比分析及预测研究,从车辆的不同续驶里程和质量两个维度要求考虑,建立了搭载不同动力系统车辆的成本预测模型,并对纯电动汽车、燃料电池汽车、传统燃油汽车在当下、2025年、2030年、2035年的动力系统成本和全生命周期使用成本进行数据计算和经济性预测。预测结果表明:未来纯电动汽车和燃料电池汽车动力系统成本和全生命周期成本将会进一步下降,甚至会逐步优于传统燃油汽车;燃料电池汽车成本下降速度更快,在长续驶里程和高重载条件要求下,燃料电池商用车的全生命周期成本将逐步低于同类型传统燃油汽车和纯电动汽车,建议我国优先发展对续驶里程要求较长的重型商用车。

关键词: 纯电动汽车, 燃料电池汽车, 经济性, 预测

Abstract:

The traditional comparative analysis method of vehicle economy is influenced by vehicle configuration, size, weight and other factors, which is prone to draw the conclusion that the economy of ordinary vehicles is much higher than that of luxury vehicles. In order to conduct an in-depth and objective comparative analysis on the comprehensive economy of new energy vehicles and traditional fuel vehicles, a comprehensive economy prediction model of vehicles with different power systems is established and the comparative analysis and forecast of the comprehensive economy of the new energy vehicles (pure electric and fuel cell commercial vehicles) and the traditional fuel vehicles are made based on the model. In consideration of different driving range and different weight requirements of vehicles, the cost prediction model of vehicles with different power systems is established and data calculation and economy forecast are made on the power systems cost and the whole life-cycle use cost of pure electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles (FCVs), and traditional fuel vehicles in the present, 2025, 2030 and 2035. The prediction results show that the power system cost and the whole life-cycle cost of pure electric vehicles and FCVs will decline further and be even lower than traditional fuel vehicles in the future, with FCVs cost declining even faster. The whole life-cycle use cost of FCVs will be gradually lower than that of pure electric vehicles and traditional fuel cars of the same type under the condition of long driving range and high heavy load, therefore, it is suggested that the development of heavy commercial vehicles with longer driving range requirements should be given priority to in China.

Key words: pure electric vehicles, FCVs, economy, prediction