分布式驱动电动汽车多目标转矩分配策略

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.03.011

Abstract

Abstract:

The torque distribution strategy plays a crucial role in improving the safety and energy efficiency of distributed drive electric vehicles. In order to reduce the energy consumption of electric vehicles with dual-motor drive on the front and rear axles， a multi-objective torque distribution method based on a hierarchical control architecture is proposed in this paper， that comprehensively considers vehicle safety， handling stability， and energy efficiency. The upper layer is the active safety layer， which uses nonlinear model predictive control （NMPC） to achieve vehicle safety and stability control. The lower layer is the torque distribution layer， which considers the torque control of the front and rear axle motors under no-load loss of the motor. The simulation results show that compared with the average distribution method， the proposed multi-objective torque distribution method can improve the vehicle's stability while ensuring safe driving， with the total energy consumption reduced by 6.6% and 3.5% under the NEDC and WLTC driving cycles， respectively.

Key words: distributed drive electric vehicles, torque distribution, energy saving control, stability control, multi-objective optimization

Qin Li,Zhuang Li,Jianming Tang,Yong Wang,Boyuan Zhang,Deqiang He. Multi-objective Torque Distribution Strategy for Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles[J].Automotive Engineering, 2025, 47(3): 489-498.

Figures/Tables 11

工况	方法	$e Y m a x$ /m	$e ω m a x$ /（°）	$e δ m a x$ /（°）
$V x$ =80 km/h $μ$ =0.35	LQR+AD	1.86	0.148	0.41
	MPC+AD	0.98	0.073	0.23
	多目标	0.24	0.052	0.13
$V x$ =60 km/h $μ$ =0.35	LQR+AD	1.52	0.125	0.33
	MPC+AD	0.64	0.053	0.18
	多目标	0.14	0.033	0.10
$V x$ =80 km/h $μ$ =0.5	LQR+AD	1.55	0.120	0.30
	MPC+AD	0.71	0.060	0.21
	多目标	0.18	0.035	0.13

References 21

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参数	数值
车辆质量	1 412 kg
前轴距离	1.1 m
后轴距离	1.65 m
车轮有效半径	298 mm
减速器传动比	8.61
前电机额定功率	65 kW
后电机额定功率	40 kW

方法	能耗/kJ	电机平均效率/%
LQR+AD	9 867	72.6
MPC+AD	9 752	74.3
NMPC+WCNLC	8 239	78.2
多目标	7 687	80.4

方法	能耗/kJ	电机平均效率/%
LQR+AD	19 860	75.4
MPC+AD	19 720	76.6
NMPC+WCNLC	13 676	81.3
多目标	12 438	84.4

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Multi-objective Torque Distribution Strategy for Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles

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