汽车工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (11): 2250-2264.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2025.11.018

• • 上一篇    

用户数据下电动汽车驱-制动载荷特性研究

赵礼辉1,2,3,沈少杰1,翁硕1,2,3,陈德胜4,张东东1,2,3()   

  1. 1.上海理工大学机械工程学院,上海 200093
    2.机械工业汽车机械零部件强度与可靠性评价重点实验室,上海 200093
    3.上海市新能源汽车可靠性评价专业技术服务平台,上海 200093
    4.中信戴卡股份有限公司,秦皇岛 066000
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-06 修回日期:2025-05-07 出版日期:2025-11-25 发布日期:2025-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 张东东 E-mail:dongdongzhang@usst.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海市自然科学基金(24ZR1455000);秦皇岛市科技计划项目“揭榜挂帅”(202303B001)

Research on the Drive-Brake Load Characteristics of Electric Vehicles Under User Data

Lihui Zhao1,2,3,Shaojie Shen1,Shuo Weng1,2,3,Desheng Chen4,Dongdong Zhang1,2,3()   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093
    2.CMIF Key Laboratory for Strength and Reliability Evaluation of Automotive Structures,Shanghai 200093
    3.Public Technology Platform for Reliability Evaluation of New Energy Vehicles in Shanghai,Shanghai 200093
    4.CITIC Dicastal Co. ,Ltd. ,Qinhuangdao 066000
  • Received:2024-12-06 Revised:2025-05-07 Online:2025-11-25 Published:2025-11-28
  • Contact: Dongdong Zhang E-mail:dongdongzhang@usst.edu.cn

摘要:

基于用户运行数据的电动汽车驱-制动载荷特性研究是电驱动系统可靠性正向设计的重要基础。本文通过融合车联网大数据与车辆纵向动力学建模,系统研究了电动汽车典型工况特征、用户行为差异及用户目标与规范标准差异。首先,基于7个地域累计100万km的实车运行数据,构建了车辆纵向动力学模型并验证其有效性,实现了用户运行数据向驱-制动载荷的转化。其次,开展了不同工况下的运行时间、里程与加速度特征分析,结果表明,中低速频繁变速工况是关键部件损伤的重要影响因素。最后,比较分析各地域用户使用差异,构建适应中国道路条件的用户目标,并与现有标准对比,发现中低载荷区间频次存在显著差异。研究成果可为电驱动系统的可靠性正向设计与验证标准制定提供数据支持与方法参考。

关键词: 用户大数据, 电驱动系统, 工况特征, 可靠性

Abstract:

The study of drive-brake load characteristics of electric vehicles based on user operation data is an important foundation for the reliability-oriented design of electric drive systems. In this paper, by integrating telematics big data with vehicle longitudinal dynamics modeling, typical driving condition characteristics, user behavior differences, and the gap between user targets and existing standards are systematically investigated. Firstly, a longitudinal dynamics model is developed and validated using over one million kilometers of real-world driving data from seven regions, enabling the transformation of user operation data into drive-brake loads. Secondly, an analysis of operating time, mileage, and acceleration characteristics under different driving conditions is conducted. The results show that frequent speed variations under low to medium speeds are key factors contributing to damage in critical components. Lastly, regional differences in user behavior are compared, and a user target profile suited to Chinese road conditions is constructed. A further comparison with existing standards reveals significant discrepancies in load frequency within the low-to-medium load range. The research results can provide data support and methodological references for the reliability-oriented design and validation standard development of electric drive systems.

Key words: user big data, electric drive system, working condition characteristics, reliability