旋转车轮气动效应的CFD仿真和风洞实验及减阻优化研究

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.09.004

汽车工程 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 1006-1012.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.09.004

旋转车轮气动效应的CFD仿真和风洞实验及减阻优化研究

方健, 王夫亮

泛亚汽车技术中心有限公司,上海 201206

收稿日期:2018-09-06 修回日期:2018-11-20 出版日期:2019-09-25 发布日期:2019-10-12
通讯作者: 王夫亮,博士,E-mail:Fuliang_Wang@patac.com.cn

A Study on CFD Simulation and Wind Tunnel Test on Aerodynamic Effectsof Wheel Rotation and Drag Reduction Optimization

Fang Jian & Wang Fuliang

Pan Asia Technical Automotive Center Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206

Received:2018-09-06 Revised:2018-11-20 Online:2019-09-25 Published:2019-10-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 本文中以上汽通用公司两款车型为研究对象,运用运动参考坐标系(MRF)方法中的多重参考坐标系(MRF)方案,模拟了车轮转动,对车轮静止和转动条件下汽车的气动特性进行了CFD仿真和风洞实验。通过仿真与风洞实验结果的对比,验证了MRF方法模拟车轮转动气动效应的准确性。基于流场仿真结果分析了转动车轮气动阻力的产生机理和转动车轮对尾流结构和尾端压力的影响,探讨了车轮转动引起整车C_d变化的流场作用机理。根据流场分布特点提出车轮减阻优化方案,仿真结果表明,最优方案能显著降低C_d。本研究提供了准确模拟车轮转动气动效应的流场CFD仿真方案,分析了车轮转动相关的复杂流场相互作用机理,为车轮和尾端区域气动优化开发提供了有益参考。

关键词: 汽车空气动力学, 运动参考坐标系方法, 车轮转动效应, 数值模拟, 风洞实验

Abstract: In this paper, with two Shanghai GM vehicles as study object, the multi-reference frame (MRF) scheme of moving reference frame (MRF) method is applied to the simulation of wheel rotation, both CFD simulation and wind tunnel test are conducted on the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle under both conditions of the standstill and rotation of wheel, and by comparing the results of simulation and wind tunnel test, the correctness of MRF method in simulating aerodynamic effects of wheel rotation is verified. Based on the analysis on the flow-field simulation results, the generation mechanism of aerodynamic resistance of rotating wheel and the effects of wheel rotation on wake structure and rear-end pressure are analyzed, and the flow-field action mechanism of the change in C_d caused by wheel rotation is explored. According to the features of flow-field distribution, optimization schemes for reducing wheel resistance are proposed and the results of simulation show that the optimal scheme can significantly reduce C_d. The study provides the flow-field simulation scheme with CFD for simulating the aerodynamic effects of wheel rotation and analyzes the mutual action mechanism of complex flow-field related to wheel rotation, providing helpful reference for the aerodynamic optimization development of wheels and rear-end.

Key words: automotive aerodynamics, moving reference frame method, wheel rotation effects, numerical simulation, wind tunnel test

方健, 王夫亮. 旋转车轮气动效应的CFD仿真和风洞实验及减阻优化研究[J]. 汽车工程, 2019, 41(9): 1006-1012.

Fang Jian & Wang Fuliang. A Study on CFD Simulation and Wind Tunnel Test on Aerodynamic Effectsof Wheel Rotation and Drag Reduction Optimization[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2019, 41(9): 1006-1012.

参考文献

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旋转车轮气动效应的CFD仿真和风洞实验及减阻优化研究

A Study on CFD Simulation and Wind Tunnel Test on Aerodynamic Effectsof Wheel Rotation and Drag Reduction Optimization

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