汽车工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 218-225.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.02.009
收稿日期:
2020-07-22
出版日期:
2021-02-25
发布日期:
2021-03-04
通讯作者:
张志飞
E-mail:z.zhang@cqu.edu.cn
基金资助:
Zhifei Zhang1(),Tongtong Hu1,Weichun Fan1,Changjin Wang2,Ruiwen Huang2
Received:
2020-07-22
Online:
2021-02-25
Published:
2021-03-04
Contact:
Zhifei Zhang
E-mail:z.zhang@cqu.edu.cn
摘要:
首先,基于国家标准GB14167—2013《汽车安全带固定点》中的座椅拉拽安全性能试验规程对汽车座椅单体进行建模仿真,并经试验验证模型的可靠性。然后,为改善座椅拉拽安全性能并实现轻量化,同时考虑NVH性能对座椅结构模态频率的要求,从概念设计阶段到详细设计阶段,对座椅骨架进行拓扑优化和尺寸优化。在概念设计阶段,通过多个静态载荷模拟座椅在动态载荷下的变形趋势,以静态载荷下的座椅骨架总柔度最小为目标,设计区域体积和1阶模态频率为约束,对座椅结构进行拓扑优化。在此基础上,通过相对灵敏度分析从19个部件中选出10个部件的板厚度作为设计变量,通过哈默斯雷和拉丁超立方采样的试验设计,构建了移动最小二乘法(MLSM)近似模型。以质量和滑轨最大变形量最小为目标,采用多目标遗传算法(MOGA)进行优化求解,获取Pareto最优解。结果表明:在座椅第1阶模态频率不低于19 Hz的前提下,优化后的座椅质量下降了5.7%,滑轨最大变形量减小了16.2%,在改善座椅拉拽安全性能的同时实现了轻量化。
张志飞,胡桐铜,范维春,王长金,黄瑞文. 基于拉拽安全性能的汽车座椅优化设计[J]. 汽车工程, 2021, 43(2): 218-225.
Zhifei Zhang,Tongtong Hu,Weichun Fan,Changjin Wang,Ruiwen Huang. Design Optimization of Vehicle Seats for Pull Safety Performance[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2021, 43(2): 218-225.
表3
哈默斯雷采集的样本点数据"
样本点 | DV1/mm | DV2/mm | DV3/mm | DV4/mm | DV5/mm | DV6/mm | DV7/mm | DV8/mm | DV9/mm | DV10/mm | m/kg | dis/mm | f1/Hz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1.06 | 1.50 | 2.25 | 1.64 | 1.96 | 1.51 | 0.75 | 1.47 | 1.10 | 0.58 | 11.96 | 28.60 | 17.64 |
2 | 1.07 | 1.28 | 2.75 | 1.88 | 2.18 | 1.62 | 0.79 | 1.54 | 1.14 | 0.60 | 12.09 | 26.51 | 18.26 |
3 | 1.08 | 1.73 | 1.92 | 2.12 | 2.39 | 1.73 | 0.84 | 1.61 | 1.19 | 0.62 | 12.57 | 24.49 | 18.93 |
4 | 1.09 | 1.16 | 2.42 | 2.36 | 2.61 | 1.84 | 0.88 | 1.68 | 1.24 | 0.64 | 12.41 | 23.38 | 19.23 |
5 | 1.11 | 1.61 | 2.92 | 1.45 | 2.82 | 1.95 | 0.93 | 1.75 | 1.29 | 0.66 | 12.43 | 20.94 | 17.79 |
… | |||||||||||||
70 | 1.91 | 1.39 | 2.68 | 1.61 | 1.85 | 2.00 | 0.95 | 1.56 | 1.67 | 0.58 | 12.47 | 21.68 | 18.05 |
71 | 1.92 | 1.84 | 3.18 | 1.85 | 2.06 | 2.00 | 0.99 | 1.63 | 1.72 | 0.60 | 13.19 | 21.11 | 18.91 |
72 | 1.93 | 1.11 | 1.90 | 2.09 | 2.27 | 2.11 | 1.04 | 1.70 | 1.77 | 0.63 | 12.57 | 20.63 | 18.93 |
73 | 1.94 | 1.56 | 2.40 | 2.33 | 2.49 | 2.22 | 1.09 | 1.77 | 1.82 | 0.65 | 13.29 | 20.07 | 20.04 |
表4
拉丁超立方采集的样本点数据"
样本点 | DV1/mm | DV2/mm | DV3/mm | DV4/mm | DV5/mm | DV6/mm | DV7/mm | DV8/mm | DV9/mm | DV10/mm | m/kg | dis/mm | f1/Hz |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 1.90 | 1.06 | 2.99 | 2.35 | 1.93 | 1.78 | 1.29 | 2.19 | 1.44 | 0.64 | 12.93 | 24.47 | 19.56 |
2 | 1.40 | 1.37 | 3.09 | 1.74 | 2.36 | 2.25 | 1.03 | 1.82 | 1.66 | 0.60 | 12.56 | 19.17 | 18.69 |
3 | 1.68 | 1.61 | 2.88 | 1.56 | 2.88 | 1.43 | 0.85 | 2.38 | 1.28 | 0.95 | 13.10 | 33.31 | 17.98 |
4 | 1.63 | 1.46 | 2.73 | 2.47 | 2.43 | 1.88 | 0.78 | 2.01 | 1.82 | 0.89 | 13.39 | 22.88 | 20.01 |
… | |||||||||||||
18 | 1.56 | 1.28 | 3.20 | 1.61 | 1.80 | 1.84 | 1.23 | 1.55 | 1.75 | 0.98 | 12.80 | 22.43 | 18.35 |
19 | 1.34 | 1.75 | 2.51 | 2.54 | 2.08 | 2.55 | 1.01 | 1.72 | 1.18 | 0.70 | 13.22 | 19.29 | 20.47 |
20 | 1.11 | 1.68 | 2.84 | 2.40 | 2.28 | 1.99 | 0.73 | 1.95 | 1.10 | 0.77 | 13.05 | 22.60 | 19.68 |
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