汽车工程 ›› 2022, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (11): 1706-1715.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2022.11.008
所属专题: 新能源汽车技术-动力电池&燃料电池2022年
收稿日期:
2022-03-11
修回日期:
2022-05-12
出版日期:
2022-11-25
发布日期:
2022-11-19
通讯作者:
舒强
E-mail:251029035@qq.com
基金资助:
Qiang Shu(),Yifan Wang,Yuan Liang
Received:
2022-03-11
Revised:
2022-05-12
Online:
2022-11-25
Published:
2022-11-19
Contact:
Qiang Shu
E-mail:251029035@qq.com
摘要:
为保证电动汽车运行安全,我国从动力电池的本征安全、主动防护安全和被动防护安全等方面入手制定标准,基本形成标准体系。本文中通过分析现有标准的历史沿革、面临挑战和完善建议,结合动力电池安全技术研究应用和国家政策引导等情况,表明基于大数据的动力电池运行状态监测预警是防止热失控的有效途径,并提出配套完善标准和管理机制的建议。
舒强,王艺帆,梁元. 我国电动汽车动力电池安全标准现状及展望[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(11): 1706-1715.
Qiang Shu,Yifan Wang,Yuan Liang. Current Situation and Prospect of Traction Battery Safety Standards for Electric Vehicles in China[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2022, 44(11): 1706-1715.
表1
锂离子动力电池不同发展阶段的安全性和测试要求"
序号 | 安全项目 | 第1阶段:引导性 | 第2阶段:行业推荐 | 第3阶段:国家推荐 | 第4阶段:强制性 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
单体 | 电池组 | 单体 | 电池组 | 单体 | 电池模组 | 单体 | 电池包或系统 | |||
1 | 热稳定性 | 加热 | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||
2 | 外部火烧 | √ | √ | |||||||
3 | 热扩散保护 | √ | ||||||||
4 | 机械安全 | 振动 | √ | √ | ||||||
5 | 跌落 | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||||
6 | 机械冲击 | √ | √ | |||||||
7 | 挤压 | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||
8 | 针刺 | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||||
9 | 翻转 | √ | ||||||||
10 | 模拟碰撞 | √ | √ | |||||||
11 | 使用环境 | 浸水 | √ | √ | √ | |||||
12 | 盐雾 | √ | √ | |||||||
13 | 高海拔/低气压 | √ | √ | √ | ||||||
14 | 温度循环 | √ | √ | √ | ||||||
15 | 温度冲击 | √ | √ | |||||||
16 | 温热循环 | √ | √ | |||||||
17 | 功能安全 | 连续充电 | √ | |||||||
18 | 过放电 | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||
19 | 过充电 | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | |||
20 | 外部短路 | √ | √ | √ | √ | √ | ||||
21 | 过流保护 | √ | ||||||||
22 | 过温保护 | √ | √ | |||||||
23 | 过放电保护 | √ | √ | |||||||
24 | 过充电保护 | √ | √ | |||||||
25 | 外部短路保护 | √ | √ |
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