车辆乘员主动脉钝性损伤仿真分析

doi:10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2022.06.009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

基于Abaqus的流体腔功能对前期建立的精细化心脏主动脉模型进行血液填充，构建血液-心脏主动脉流固耦合模型，并在主动脉瓣上根据实时的压差设置不同流率的流体交换接触。进行不同工况下驾驶员正面撞击转向盘的仿真，分析心脏血输出量和转向盘角度对主动脉钝性损伤的影响。结果表明：（1）碰撞过程中左心室向主动脉输出的血液降低了左心室的峰值血压，同时减缓主动脉内的血压波动，但对于主动脉的最大应力影响不明显；（2）转向盘倾角为30°时主动脉的最大应力达2 417 kPa，是由前胸壁对升主动脉的挤压导致的；（3）转向盘倾角为60°时主动脉的最大应力降至1 375 kPa，是由主动脉根部和降主动脉的相对拉伸位移导致的。

关键词: 碰撞, 驾驶员, 主动脉钝性损伤, 转向盘, 流固耦合

Abstract:

The refined heart aorta model established earlier are filled with blood based on the fluid-cavity function of software Abaqus， a blood-heart aorta liquid-solid coupling model is constructed， and the fluid exchange with different flow rates are set on aortic valve according to the pressure difference between left ventricle and aorta. Simulations on the frontal crash of driver against steering wheel are carried out under different working conditions to analyze the effects of the cardiac blood output and the inclined angle of steering wheel on the blunt aortic injuries of driver. The results show that ：（1） The blood flow from left ventricle to aorta reduces the peak blood pressure of left ventricle and alleviated the blood pressure fluctuations in the aorta， but the effect on the maximum stress of aorta is not significant；（2） When the tilted angle of steering wheel is 30°， the maximum stress in the aorta reaches 2417 kPa， which is caused by the pressing of anterior chest wall on ascending aorta；（3） When the tilted angle of steering wheel is 60°， the maximum stress in the aorta lowers to 1375 kPa， which is caused by the relative tensile displacement between aortic root and descending aorta.

Key words: collision, driver, blunt aortic injury, steering wheel, fluid-solid coupling

童芳,李雄,兰凤崇,陈吉清. 车辆乘员主动脉钝性损伤仿真分析[J]. 汽车工程, 2022, 44(6): 878-885.

Fang Tong,Xiong Li,Fengchong Lan,Jiqing Chen. Simulation Analysis on Blunt Aortic Injury of Vehicle Occupants[J]. Automotive Engineering, 2022, 44(6): 878-885.

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编号	转向柱倾角/ （°）	心脏血输出量	冲击速度/ （m·s^-1）	初始血压/ mmHg
A	30	不考虑	6.8	80
B	30	考虑	6.8	80
C	45	考虑	6.8	80
D	60	考虑	6.8	80

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