汽车工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 561-571.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.04.004

所属专题: 车身设计&轻量化&安全专题2023年

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基于最优方法的碰后辅助驾驶控制策略

周兵1(),魏佳宝1,柴天1,吴晓建2,王鹤1   

  1. 1.湖南大学,车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙 410082
    2.南昌大学先进制造学院,南昌 330031
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-19 修回日期:2022-12-01 出版日期:2023-04-25 发布日期:2023-04-19
  • 通讯作者: 周兵 E-mail:zhou_bingo@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51875184)

Control Strategy of Assistant Driving for Post-impact Based on Optimal Method

Bing Zhou1(),Jiabao Wei1,Tian Chai1,Xiaojian Wu2,He Wang1   

  1. 1.Hunan University,State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Changsha 410082
    2.School of Advanced Manufacturing,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031
  • Received:2022-10-19 Revised:2022-12-01 Online:2023-04-25 Published:2023-04-19
  • Contact: Bing Zhou E-mail:zhou_bingo@163.com

摘要:

在碰撞事故中,车辆发生侧向碰撞后往往会同时产生剧烈横摆与横向运动,普通驾驶员难以正确应对此种紧急工况,车辆可能会失去稳定性,甚至造成更严重的事故。为减少车辆失稳以及驾驶员误操作等原因引起二次碰撞,本文提出一种碰后即接管车辆驾驶权限的两阶段碰后辅助驾驶控制策略。在第1阶段中,综合车辆稳定性和横向位移两项指标设计了代价函数,通过分层控制使车辆碰后快速回归稳定,并减小横向位移,以降低二次碰撞风险。然后依据相平面法所划分的稳定域制定控制系统切换准则,在判断当车辆稳定后,控制系统切换至第2阶段的路径跟踪控制,由模型预测路径跟踪控制器将控制车辆驶回原车道,以减小对相邻车道的影响。最后通过仿真实验,在不同强度的侧向碰撞中验证了本文所提出的控制策略的有效性。

关键词: 碰后辅助驾驶, 侧向碰撞, 模型预测控制, 最优方法, 相平面稳定域

Abstract:

In a collision accident, violent yaw and lateral motion often occur at the same time after the side impact of a vehicle. It is difficult for ordinary drivers to correctly deal with such emergency situation, obviously the vehicle may lose stability, or even cause more serious accidents. In order to reduce the secondary collision caused by vehicle instability and the misoperation of the driver, this paper proposes a two-stage auxiliary driving control strategy that takes over the vehicle driving authority after the collision. In the first stage, the cost function is designed by integrating the two indicators of vehicle stability and lateral displacement. Through hierarchical control, the vehicle can quickly return to stability after collision and reduce the lateral displacement to reduce the risk of secondary collision. After that, according to the stability region divided by the phase plane method, a switching criterion for the control system is formulated. After judging that the vehicle state is stable, the control system switches to the path tracking control in the second stage. The model predictive path tracking controller will drive the vehicle back to the original lane to reduce the impact on the adjacent lane. Finally, the effectiveness of the control strategy proposed in this paper is verified through simulation experiments in different strength side impact.

Key words: assisted driving for post-impact, lateral impact, model predictive control, optimal method, phase plane stability region