汽车工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (7): 1096-1104.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2021.07.017

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基于预测风险场的智能汽车主动避撞运动规划

王安杰1,郑玲1(),李以农1,王戡2,3   

  1. 1.重庆大学汽车工程学院,机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆 400044
    2.重庆车辆检测研究院有限公司,重庆 401122
    3.汽车主动安全测试技术重庆市工业和信息化重点实验室,重庆 401122
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-15 修回日期:2021-02-05 出版日期:2021-07-25 发布日期:2021-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 郑玲 E-mail:zling@cqu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(51875061);汽车主动安全测试技术重庆市工业与信息化重点实验室项目(19AKC9);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项(cstc2019jscx?zdztzxX0032)

Motion Planning for Active Collision Avoidance of Intelligent Vehicles Based on Predictive Risk Field

Anjie Wang1,Ling Zheng1(),Yinong Li1,Kan Wang2,3   

  1. 1.Department of Automobile Engineering,Chongqing University,State Key Lab of Mechanical Transmissions,Chongqing 400044
    2.Chongqing Vehicle Test & Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,Chongqing 401122
    3.Automotive Active Safety Testing Technology Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industry and Information Technology,Chongqing 401122
  • Received:2020-12-15 Revised:2021-02-05 Online:2021-07-25 Published:2021-07-20
  • Contact: Ling Zheng E-mail:zling@cqu.edu.cn

摘要:

针对自动驾驶汽车侧方和后方的主动避撞问题,提出了融合障碍物运动预测的预测风险场和基于预测风险场的运动规划方法。在Frenet坐标系下,通过运动学模型预测未来场景下的各障碍车信息,建立基于道路纵向、横向和时间3个维度的预测风险场。考虑车辆动力学和速度、加速度与曲率约束,采用动态规划方法完成行为决策,并使用多项式曲线和二次规划方法对决策轨迹进行优化。结果表明:预测风险场能准确识别周围障碍车潜在风险随时间的变化趋势,并规划出满足各项约束的避撞轨迹,保障车辆运行的安全性和稳定性。

关键词: 智能汽车, 主动避撞, 预测风险场, 运动规划, 行为决策

Abstract:

Aiming at the side and rear collision avoidance problem for autonomous vehicle, a predictive risk field fusing obstacle motion prediction and a motion planning method based on predictive risk field are proposed in this paper. In the Frenet coordinate system, the kinematics model is used to predict the information of each obstacle vehicle in the future scene, and the predictive risk field is established based on the three dimensions of longitudinal, lateral and time. Considering vehicle dynamics and velocity, acceleration and curvature constraints, the dynamic programming method is adopted to complete the behavior decision, and the polynomial curve and quadratic programming method are used to optimize the decision trajectory. The results show that the predictive risk field can accurately identify the changing trend of the potential risks of the surrounding obstacle vehicles over time, and plan the collision avoidance trajectory meeting various constraints, ensuring the safety and stability of vehicle operation.

Key words: intelligent vehicle, active collision avoidance, predictive risk field, motion planning, behavior decision