汽车工程 ›› 2019, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (9): 1021-1027.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2019.09.006

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基于跟踪误差模型的智能车辆轨迹跟踪方法*

潘世举, 李华, 苏致远, 徐友春   

  1. 陆军军事交通学院,天津 300161
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-14 修回日期:2019-03-06 出版日期:2019-09-25 发布日期:2019-10-12
  • 通讯作者: 李华,硕士研究生,E-mail:342383680@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目智能电动汽车路径规划及自主决策方法(2016YFB0100903)资助

Trajectory Tracking Method for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Tracking-error Model

Pan Shiju1, Li Hua1, Su Zhiyuan1 & Xu Youchun1   

  1. Army Military Transportation University, Tianjin 300161
  • Received:2018-11-14 Revised:2019-03-06 Online:2019-09-25 Published:2019-10-12

摘要: 为提高智能车辆轨迹跟踪精度,以车辆动力学模型为基础,提出一种基于线性时变模型预测控制的轨迹跟踪方法。该方法将车辆非线性动力学跟踪误差模型进行线性化和离散化处理,作为控制器的预测模型;建立系统控制增量的目标函数,设计状态量、控制量和控制增量约束条件,利用带约束的二次规划问题求解目标函数;将求得的最优序列的第一项控制量作用于系统。实验结果表明,在双移线工况下,当车速小于15 m/s时,横向最大误差小于0.52 m,航向最大误差小于0.067 rad。

关键词: 智能车辆, 轨迹跟踪, 模型预测控制

Abstract: In order to improve intelligent vehicle trajectory tracking accuracy, a trajectory tracking method based on linear time-varying model predictive control is proposed based on vehicle dynamics model. The method linearizes and discretizes the nonlinear tracking-error model of vehicle dynamics as the predictive model of the controller. The objective function of the system control increment is established with the constraints of the state, control and control increment designed. Then the objective function is solved by the quadratic programming problem with constraints and the first control volume of the optimal sequence is applied to the system. The experimental results show that the maximum lateral error is less than 0.52 m and the maximum heading error is less than 0.067 rad when the vehicle speed is less than 15 m/s under double lane-changing conditions.

Key words: intelligent vehicles, trajectory tracking, model predictive control