汽车工程 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 745-753.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2024.05.001

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基于场景划分的智能网联汽车协同换道避障方法

周俊宇,李克强,任晗啸,于杰,罗禹贡()   

  1. 清华大学车辆与运载学院,汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-15 修回日期:2023-12-28 出版日期:2024-05-25 发布日期:2024-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 罗禹贡 E-mail:lyg@tsinghua.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2022YFB2503200);国家自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(52221005)

A Cooperative Obstacle Avoidance Lane Change Strategy for Intelligent and Connected Vehicles Based on Scene Division

Junyu Zhou,Keqiang Li,Hanxiao Ren,Jie Yu,Yugong Luo()   

  1. School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy,Beijing 100084
  • Received:2023-09-15 Revised:2023-12-28 Online:2024-05-25 Published:2024-05-17
  • Contact: Yugong Luo E-mail:lyg@tsinghua.edu.cn

摘要:

为解决传统基于V2V通信的两车协同换道对于前方交通存在未知交通情况,及周围车辆信息获知不准确情况下换道成功率低且无法保证交通效率最优的问题,本文提出了一种基于场景划分的ICV两阶段协同换道避障方法。首先,将换道过程划分为纵向间距调整阶段与横向换道阶段,分别使用四次多项式与五次多项式描述两个阶段ICV的轨迹;其次,根据纵向间距调整结束时刻车辆的相对位置设计了4种场景,并设计以车辆调整末速度、距离与换道时间为目标函数的换道模型,在保证换道成功率的同时减少换道行为对上游交通产生的影响;最后,为了验证算法的有效性,在4种场景下分别设计可行工况,并对间距调整过程进行速度-时间与距离-时间关系图进行分析,证明间距调整过程均满足安全约束;同时,本文通过遍历循环计算换道避障算法的边界值,说明了ICV换道避障成功率与车间距、车辆与障碍物间距之间具有相关性。

关键词: 智能网联汽车, 换道避障, 轨迹规划, 边界分析

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem that the traditional two-vehicle cooperative lane change based on V2V communication has relatively low success rate and cannot guarantee the optimality of traffic efficiency when the condition of front traffic and surrounding vehicles is inaccurate or unknown, an ICV two stage cooperative obstacle-avoidance lane change method based on scene division is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the lane changing process is divided into longitudinal space adjustment stage and lateral lane changing stage, and quartic polynomial and quintic polynomial are used to describe the ICV trajectory of the two stages respectively. Then, four scenarios are designed based on the relative position of the vehicles when the longitudinal space adjustment ends, and a lane change model is designed with the vehicle’s final adjusted speed, distance, and lane change time as the objective functions to ensure the success rate of the lane change while reducing the impact of lane change behavior to the traffic flow. Finally, in order to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm, feasible working conditions are designed in the four scenarios. Through analyzing velocity-time and distance-time relationship diagrams of the spacing adjustment process, it is proved that the spacing adjustment process satisfies the safety constraints. In addition, by calculating the boundary value of the lane-changing obstacle avoidance algorithm by traversing the scenarios, it is illustrated that there exists a correlation between the ICV lane change obstacle avoidance success rate and the distance between vehicles and the distance between vehicles and obstacles.

Key words: intelligent and connected vehicles, obstacle avoidance lane change, trajectory planning, boundary analysis