汽车工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 2092-2103.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.11.010

所属专题: 智能网联汽车技术专题-控制2023年

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基于RMPC的自动驾驶货车路径跟踪控制

胡杰1,2,3(),陈锐鹏1,2,3,张志豪1,2,3,向博文1,2,3,刘昊岩1,2,3,朱琪1,2,3,郭启翔4   

  1. 1.武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉 430070
    2.武汉理工大学,汽车零部件技术湖北省协同创新中心,武汉 430070
    3.新能源与智能网联车湖北工程技术研究中心,武汉 430070
    4.东风汽车股份有限公司商品研发院,武汉 430000
  • 收稿日期:2023-05-10 修回日期:2023-06-09 出版日期:2023-11-25 发布日期:2023-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 胡杰 E-mail:auto_hj@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省科技重大专项(2022AAA001)

Path Tracking Control of Autonomous Truck Based on RMPC

Jie Hu1,2,3(),Ruipeng Chen1,2,3,Zhihao Zhang1,2,3,Bowen Xiang1,2,3,Haoyan Liu1,2,3,Qi Zhu1,2,3,Qixiang Guo4   

  1. 1.Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Key Laboratory of Modern Auto Parts Technology,Wuhan  430070
    2.Wuhan University of Technology,Auto Parts Technology Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center,Wuhan  430070
    3.Hubei Technology Research Center of New Energy and Intelligent Connected Vehicle Engineering,Wuhan  430070
    4.Commercial Product R&D Institute,Dongfeng Automobile Co. ,Ltd. ,Wuhan  430000
  • Received:2023-05-10 Revised:2023-06-09 Online:2023-11-25 Published:2023-11-27
  • Contact: Jie Hu E-mail:auto_hj@163.com

摘要:

针对自动驾驶货车相较于普通乘用车具有较大模型不确定性、执行器偏差以及存在曲率扰动等外部影响因素导致路径跟踪精度不足问题,本文提出一种基于鲁棒模型预测控制(robust model predictive control,RMPC)的分层式控制方法。首先,在转角增量式控制误差模型的基础上,根据实际车辆系统与标称模型之间的偏差,设计鲁棒控制律并构建上层多目标约束RMPC控制器,提高跟踪精度。然后,针对自动驾驶货车不足转向以及定位误差问题,设计下层转角补偿器和基于中值滤波的状态估计器,改善执行响应,提升车辆稳定性。最后,通过TruckSim/Simulink联合仿真和实车试验验证,结果表明:所提出的控制方法能够有效处理模型失配和不确定性扰动,具备良好的鲁棒性和适应性。

关键词: 自动驾驶货车, 路径跟踪, RMPC, 转角补偿, 状态估计

Abstract:

For the problem of insufficient path tracking accuracy of autonomous trucks compared to ordinary passenger cars, which are caused by greater model uncertainty, actuator deviation and external influencing factors such as curvature disturbances, a hierarchical control method based on Robust Model Predictive Control (RMPC) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, based on the incremental steering control error model, according to the deviation between the actual vehicle system and the nominal model, a robust control law is designed and the upper-level multi-objective constraint RMPC controller is constructed to improve the tracking accuracy. Then, to solve the problem of insufficient steering and positioning error of the autonomous trucks, the lower-level steer compensator and the state estimator based on median filter are designed to improve the steering response and the vehicle stability. Finally, the results of TruckSim/Simulink co-simulation and real vehicle tests show that the proposed control method can effectively deal with model mismatch and uncertain disturbances, and has good robustness and adaptability.

Key words: autonomous truck, path tracking, RMPC, steer compensation, state estimation