汽车工程 ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 2251-2259.doi: 10.19562/j.chinasae.qcgc.2023.12.007

所属专题: 新能源汽车技术-电驱动&能量管理2023年

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分布式驱动电动汽车多执行器容错控制研究

李琴1,汤建明1,张博远1,陈勇1,王勇2()   

  1. 1.广西大学机械工程学院,南宁 530000
    2.北京理工大学机械与车辆学院,北京 100080
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-02 修回日期:2023-06-30 出版日期:2023-12-25 发布日期:2023-12-21
  • 通讯作者: 王勇 E-mail:17862709675@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    广西科技计划项目(桂科AD基金23026205)资助。

Research on Fault-Tolerant Control of Multi-Actuator for Distributed Drive Electric Vehicles

Qin Li1,Jianming Tang1,Boyuan Zhang1,Yong Chen1,Yong Wang2()   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering,Guangxi University,Nanning 530000
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100080
  • Received:2023-06-02 Revised:2023-06-30 Online:2023-12-25 Published:2023-12-21
  • Contact: Yong Wang E-mail:17862709675@163.com

摘要:

分布式驱动电动汽车的各轮轮毂电机驱动力矩独立可控,是一个典型的过驱动系统。通过优化各轮驱动力矩分配,可以实现容错控制。本文中以分布式驱动电动汽车为研究对象,针对线控转向系统和轮毂电机多执行器同时失效的轨迹跟踪问题,提出了一种基于差动转向和驱动转矩分配的容错控制方法。该方法采用分层式架构:上层控制器通过模型预测控制方法得到前轮转角,并在转向系统执行器失效时,通过滑模控制方法计算差动转向力矩;下层控制器结合故障诊断信息,基于二次规划算法求解存在驱动电机失效情况的转矩优化分配策略。最后,进行了单执行器失效及多执行器同时失效的仿真实验,结果验证了该容错控制方法的有效性。

关键词: 分布式驱动电动汽车, 容错控制, 轨迹跟踪

Abstract:

Distributed drive electric vehicles with independently controllable torque for each wheel hub motor represent a typical over-actuated system. By optimizing the distribution of driving torque among the wheels, fault-tolerant control can be achieved. Taking distributed drive electric vehicles as the research object and focusing on the trajectory-tracking problem in the presence of simultaneous failure of the steer-by-wire system and multiple actuators of the wheel hub motors, a fault-tolerant control method based on differential steering and torque allocation is proposed in this paper. The method employs a hierarchical architecture. In the upper-level controller, the desired front-wheel steering angle is obtained using a model predictive control method. When failure occurs in the steering system actuators, a sliding mode control method is utilized to calculate the differential steering torque. In the lower-level controller, the torque optimization allocation strategy for failed drive motors is determined based on quadratic programming algorithms, taking into account of fault diagnosis information. Finally, simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed fault-tolerant control method under both single actuator failure and multiple actuators failure scenarios. The results validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Key words: distributed drive electric vehicles, fault-tolerant control, trajectory tracking